While we plan our flights we encounter information that could affect the outcome of that flight. How you manage that flow of information will definitely have an effect on the relative success or failure of each and every flight. The first step of ADM is to gather information from all available sources. Doing that is known as the perceive (Perception) part of the process. You can think of the term "information" as situations or facts that require your attention. You will want to perceive situations or facts related to each critical element of your flight. There is a great acronym to help you figure out what those elements are called PAVE.
Pilot, passengers and other people involved.
Aircraft you will be flying.
enVironment in which you will operate (airspace, airport, weather).
External pressures likely to influence your decision making process.
Step two of ADM would be to process the information that you perceived in step one. As you receive information, it is then filtered through all five the senses: sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste. Note: that not all of the information will make it through our filtration system. You might not hear something correctly, or some of the errors prevalent in human decision making might come into play. When we process the information we perceive, the goal is to organize the information, interpret it, and try to match the alternatives with situations from your experience. A structured way to organize all of this information is to process it with CARE:
Consequences of each hazard associated with the PAVE elements.
Alternatives available.
Reality of the situation or hazard.
External pressures that might influence your analysis.
The third step of the ADM process is Performance. How you perform will be based on the perception and processing you did in the first two steps. At the most basic level, you perform in one of two ways: action, or inaction. As you noticed in step one and step two, there are a lot of external pressures on the human decision making process. These influences may directly or indirectly affect the action or inaction you choose, and also affect how quickly and how decisively you perform. In addition, the action or inaction comes from how accurately you perceived and processed the information up to this point in time. At the performance stage, you should think about M.E.
Mitigate or
Eliminate the hazard(s) and risk that you perceived and processed.
The relative success or failure of the flight - maybe even the life or death moment - may hinge on how well you have perceived, processed, and performed in the ADM process.
The fourth step in the ADM process is evaluation. Constantly think about the outcome of every decision that you make. Be judicious and think about your actions at every step, and then start the process all over again. Remember the three P’s: Perceive, Process, & Perform. A good example of ADM would be a consistent instrument scan in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), briefing the approach, tuning in the proper frequencies, and staying ahead of the aircraft. The ADM process starts at the preflight and should not stop until your airplane is parked, shut down, and securely tied down.
Pilot, passengers and other people involved.
Aircraft you will be flying.
enVironment in which you will operate (airspace, airport, weather).
External pressures likely to influence your decision making process.
Step two of ADM would be to process the information that you perceived in step one. As you receive information, it is then filtered through all five the senses: sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste. Note: that not all of the information will make it through our filtration system. You might not hear something correctly, or some of the errors prevalent in human decision making might come into play. When we process the information we perceive, the goal is to organize the information, interpret it, and try to match the alternatives with situations from your experience. A structured way to organize all of this information is to process it with CARE:
Consequences of each hazard associated with the PAVE elements.
Alternatives available.
Reality of the situation or hazard.
External pressures that might influence your analysis.
The third step of the ADM process is Performance. How you perform will be based on the perception and processing you did in the first two steps. At the most basic level, you perform in one of two ways: action, or inaction. As you noticed in step one and step two, there are a lot of external pressures on the human decision making process. These influences may directly or indirectly affect the action or inaction you choose, and also affect how quickly and how decisively you perform. In addition, the action or inaction comes from how accurately you perceived and processed the information up to this point in time. At the performance stage, you should think about M.E.
Mitigate or
Eliminate the hazard(s) and risk that you perceived and processed.
The relative success or failure of the flight - maybe even the life or death moment - may hinge on how well you have perceived, processed, and performed in the ADM process.
The fourth step in the ADM process is evaluation. Constantly think about the outcome of every decision that you make. Be judicious and think about your actions at every step, and then start the process all over again. Remember the three P’s: Perceive, Process, & Perform. A good example of ADM would be a consistent instrument scan in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), briefing the approach, tuning in the proper frequencies, and staying ahead of the aircraft. The ADM process starts at the preflight and should not stop until your airplane is parked, shut down, and securely tied down.